MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF GENES ENCODING LEUCOANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE INVOLVED IN PROANTHOCYANIDIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN APPLE

Molecular characterization of genes encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in apple

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are the major component of phenolics in apple, but mechanisms involved in PA biosynthesis remain unclear.Here, the relationship between the PA biosynthesis and the expression of genes encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) was investigated in fruit skin of one apple cultivar and three c

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To boost or to CRUNCH? Effect of effortful encoding on episodic memory in older adults is dependent on executive functioning.

It is essential to develop effective interventions aimed at ameliorating age-related cognitive decline.Previous studies found that effortful encoding benefits episodic memory in older adults.However, to date it is unclear whether this benefit is different for individuals with strong versus weak executive functioning (EF).Fifty-one older adults were

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Postglacial Reconstruction of Fire History Using Sedimentary Charcoal and Pollen From a Small Lake in Southwest Yukon Territory, copyright

Previous research suggests climate warming during the current century is likely to lead to an increase in the frequency and severity of wildfire.Recent wildfire seasons in northern copyright generally support these studies, with some of the worst fire seasons on record occurring during the past decade.While we can readily track the spatial and temp

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